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A detailed buying guide: how to choose an electric motor.
This section covers general-purpose induction motors for pumps, fans, compressors, machines, concrete mixers, conveyors and other equipment: single-phase 220 V capacitor motors and three-phase 380 V motors in various power ratings, speeds and mounting types. For an overview, read what electrical equipment is and how it is classified.
A single-phase motor runs on 220 V and uses a run capacitor and sometimes a start capacitor, while a three-phase motor connects to 380 V in a star or delta configuration. Check the rated voltage on the motor nameplate — see volt (V) — and read about connection: connecting single-phase and three-phase motors: star, delta and capacitors.
Choose motor power (kW) to suit the equipment with some margin so the motor does not run overloaded for long. Rated current is needed to select the protective breaker and cable. See how to choose tool power (W) and what is electric current (A).
On a 50 Hz supply, induction motors have a synchronous speed of about 3000, 1500, 1000 or 750 rpm, with actual speed slightly lower. Choose the speed to suit the mechanism or belt/gear drive. See what is rotational speed (RPM) and what is frequency (Hz).
A motor can be foot-mounted (B3), flange-mounted (B5, B14) or combined, and the shaft diameter and length, key and shaft height must match the equipment or the motor being replaced. Read electric motor mounting types and shaft dimensions.
General-purpose motors usually have IP54 or IP55 protection and class F insulation, while a built-in fan cools the frame. For damp and dusty environments, choose higher protection. See what is an IP rating and what is insulation class.
A three-phase motor is switched through a contactor and a motor protection breaker, while a soft starter or variable-frequency drive reduces starting current and allows speed control. Read how to choose contactors, relays and motor control devices and how to choose electrical protection and switching devices.
Most general-purpose motors are rated for continuous S1 duty; for frequent starts and short cycles, check the permitted duty. Overheat protection extends winding life. See what is duty cycle and what is motor thermal protection.
Mount the motor on a solid base, align the shafts accurately, always earth the frame and use a cable of suitable cross-section, and leave the wiring to an electrician. Check the bearings regularly. Read essential power tool safety rules, how to choose electrical cable, conduit, trunking and connectors and which spare parts and service kits are replaced during preventive maintenance.
At ToolsArmenia you can compare electric motors by phases, power, speed, mounting type, shaft and protection rating and choose the right model for your equipment.
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