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A detailed buying guide: how to choose a UPS or inverter for backup power.
This section covers uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) and inverters with external or built-in batteries for backup power to gas boilers, circulation pumps, lighting, security systems, computers, point-of-sale and network equipment at home, in offices, shops and production. For choosing power supply devices in general, read how to choose a transformer, power supply, voltage stabilizer, UPS and inverter, and for long outages, read about generators: how to choose an inverter generator.
An offline (standby) UPS switches to battery only when mains power fails, a line-interactive UPS also regulates voltage, and an online (double-conversion) UPS powers the load continuously from the inverter with no transfer gap. An inverter converts battery DC (12/24/48 V) to 230 V AC and often has a built-in charger. Read UPS types: offline, line-interactive, online and pure sine wave.
For gas boilers, circulation pumps, motors and electronics, choose a device with a pure sine wave output. A modified (stepped) sine wave is only suitable for short-term power to computers and simple loads.
UPS power is stated in volt-amperes (VA) and watts (W): compare your load in watts and leave a 20–30 % margin. Pumps and motors draw several times more current at start-up, so check the peak power.
Some UPS units have built-in batteries and others can connect external batteries (12, 24 or 48 V). AGM and GEL lead-acid batteries are the most common, while lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries are lighter and last more cycles. See lead-acid battery types (AGM, GEL, EFB) and charging modes.
Runtime depends on battery capacity (Ah), battery voltage and the load. For long runtime, choose a model with external batteries and check the charging current, which must match the battery capacity. Read how to calculate UPS runtime and battery capacity.
The wider the input voltage range, the less often the UPS switches to battery during voltage fluctuations. Line-interactive models have automatic voltage regulation (AVR), but with frequent fluctuations it is better to have a stabilizer as well. See how to choose a voltage stabilizer.
Check overload, short-circuit and deep-discharge protection, cold start capability, the display, audible alarm and USB/RS-232 control. Choose a suitable circuit breaker for the connection. See how to choose electrical protection and switching devices.
Install the UPS and batteries in a dry, ventilated place away from heat sources, connect them to an earthed socket and use cables of the right cross-section. Read how to choose grounding and lightning protection equipment and essential fire safety rules.
At ToolsArmenia you can compare UPS units and inverters by type, power, output waveform, battery voltage and charging current and choose the right model for backup power to your equipment.
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